Algorithms

In computer science, an algorithm is a finite sequence of well-defined, step-by-step instructions or rules designed to perform a specific task or solve a particular problem. Algorithms serve as the foundation for programming and are used to manipulate data, perform calculations, automate reasoning, and handle complex processes efficiently. They can be expressed in various forms, including natural language, pseudocode, or programming languages, and they must have a clear starting point (input) and a defined end point (output).Important characteristics of algorithms include correctness, efficiency (in terms of time and space complexity), and clarity, allowing them to be understood and implemented effectively. Algorithms can be classified into various categories, such as searching algorithms, sorting algorithms, and optimization algorithms, each tailored to different types of problems and constraints. Overall, algorithms play a critical role in enabling computers to process data and make decisions, thereby driving the development of software applications and systems.