Theory - Page 20

A theory is a systematic explanation of an aspect of the natural or social world that is based on a body of evidence and has been repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and experimentation. It consists of principles and ideas that unify various phenomena, providing a framework for understanding how things work. In scientific contexts, a theory can be distinguished from a hypothesis, which is a testable prediction, and from a law, which describes consistent and universal observations without explaining the underlying mechanisms. Theories can evolve over time as new evidence emerges, leading to refinements or rejections. They are essential in advancing knowledge, guiding research, and informing practical applications. Examples include the theory of evolution, the theory of relativity, and germ theory in biology.